Batteries help reduce emissions, but how do we reduce their emissions?
摘要
一项由墨尔本大学Haiwei Zhou主导的研究聚焦锂离子电池生产过程中的排放问题。研究指出，当前电池制造相关排放仅占年度温室气体释放量的0.18%，但随着电池使用量持续增长，到2050年这一数字可能增长10倍以上。减少电池制造排放的途径包括：选用冶炼能耗更低的材料、提升制造环节能效，以及通过回收利用让电池材料重新进入循环，从而大幅降低能耗。
The first order of business for the energy transition is electrifying applications like vehicles and heating and making sure that the electricity that powers them is made using renewables. But once the dominant slices of the emissions pie have shrunk, other categories with less potential to reduce emissions become important.
A new study led by Haiwei Zhou at the University of Melbourne focused on the emissions associated with making lithium-ion batteries, which many parts of the energy transition rely on. Those emissions aren’t zero, so as we use more and more batteries, that number will grow. Right now, the researchers estimate that these emissions only account for 0.18 percent of annual greenhouse gas releases, but they could increase by a factor of 10 or more by 2050.
Avoiding production
There are a number of ways to reduce the emissions required to make a battery. Some elements used in various lithium-ion battery chemistries are more energy-intensive to mine and refine than others. The battery manufacturing process involves many steps that could be made more energy-efficient. And then there’s recycling, which can put battery materials back into the loop while requiring much less energy than mining.
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