Meet the real-life Scottish surgeon who inspired Sherlock Holmes
摘要
阿瑟·柯南·道尔创作的福尔摩斯是史上最受欢迎的虚构侦探之一，但鲜有人知这一角色的现实原型：苏格兰爱丁堡大学著名外科医生约瑟夫·贝尔，道尔求学时的老师。医学史学家林赛·菲茨哈里斯为此撰写新传记《猎犬：真实福尔摩斯案》。菲茨哈里斯著有多部医学史作品，包括2017年关于外科先驱约瑟夫·利斯特的传记、2022年关于一战整形外科医生哈罗德·吉利斯的著作，并主持过史密森
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle created one of the most beloved fictional detectives of all time in Sherlock Holmes, spawning countless novels, films, TV series, and so forth featuring the sleuth. Far fewer people know about the real-life inspiration for Holmes: a renowned surgeon at Scotland's University of Edinburgh named Joseph Bell, who taught Doyle when the author was still a young medical student. Bell is the subject of a new, eminently readable biography, Sleuth-Hound: The Case of the Real Sherlock Holmes, by medical historian Lindsey Fitzharris.
A noted science communicator with a fondness for the medically macabre, Fitzharris published a biography of Scottish surgical pioneer Joseph Lister, The Butchering Art, in 2017—a great, if occasionally grisly, read. She followed up with 2022’s The Facemaker: A Visionary Surgeon’s Battle to Mend the Disfigured Soldiers of World War I, about a WWI surgeon named Harold Gillies who rebuilt the faces of injured soldiers.
In 2020, Fitzharris hosted a documentary for the Smithsonian Channel, The Curious Life and Death Of…, exploring famous deaths, ranging from drug lord Pablo Escobar to magician Harry Houdini. Fitzharris performed virtual autopsies, experimented with blood samples, interviewed witnesses, and conducted real-time demonstrations in hopes of gleaning fresh insights. And last year she and her husband, caricaturist Adrian Teal, collaborated on an illustrated children's book, Dead Ends! Flukes, Flops, and Failures that Sparked Medical Marvels.
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