Yet more qubit tech: New quantum dot options, diamond vacancies
摘要
量子计算领域持续涌现多种技术路线，其中量子点与钻石空位缺陷成为新焦点。量子点通过捕获单个电子作为量子比特，其优势在于可利用传统处理器制造工艺实现规模化。本周两篇论文展示了量子点的不同应用方式，其中一项技术因前景可观已被IBM收购。另一家公司则发布了基于钻石缺陷的处理器，可容纳100个独立电子，这一成果表明此前被认为难以扩展的技术正取得突破。尽管部分技术已支持
If you follow quantum computing news for long enough, it can start to seem like any quantum system that can alternate between two well-separated energy states can be used as a qubit. Atoms, ions, photons, electrons, and manufactured devices all have their backers. One of the key things that attracts backers is the tech's ability to scale. We'll need a lot of high-quality qubits to start doing any complex computations, and the ability of any technology to get us there is the subject of debate.
So even as some technologies can now support thousands of qubits, some competitors are still working on a small handful of qubits—the companies behind them are convinced that they have the potential to scale more effectively.
One of those technologies involves quantum dots that hold a single electron. Their advantage is that we can manufacture them using the same tech we use to build traditional processors, an approach that has proven to be scalable. This week saw two new papers describing different ways of using quantum dots, one of which was appealing enough that IBM bought the company that developed it. Separately, another company has released a processor showing 100 individual electrons being held in diamond defects, technology that wasn't obvious could scale.
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