Three key vital signs make up the "urban pulse" of a city
摘要
一项发表于《美国国家科学院院刊》的研究提出，城市存在可测量的“城市脉搏”，反映其代谢活动模式。研究采用广义城市化定义，涵盖人口、经济、基础设施、环境、治理和文化六个维度的同步变化过程，其可测量结果包括人口增长、土地扩张、GDP增长和创新等。该动态视角将城市视为“活的、适应性生态系统”，而非静态网格。研究者认为，这一工具不仅能影响政府自上而下的政策决策，也可为
People often speak metaphorically of the heartbeat or pulse of a city, but according to the authors of a new paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, cities do indeed have an "urban pulse"—an indication of urban "metabolic activity" that can be measured to suss out telltale patterns. And those patterns could help inform future public policy around urban planning.
The precise definition of urbanization has shifted over the centuries. Zhe Zhu of the University of Connecticut and his fellow authors adopted a broad version for their study. It features fundamental "processes of concurrent change in at least six dimensions, including demography, economy, infrastructure, environment, governance and culture," they wrote. "Together they give rise to outcomes, measurable results of the process, such as population growth, urban land expansion, GDP growth, and innovation." Their chosen metrics reflect this dynamic view: Cities are not static grids but "living, adaptive ecosystems."
“For decades, we had just been capturing the outcome of urbanization—a house that’s been built, or a road expansion,” said Zhu. “But you don’t really see the dynamics within an urban area. This is going to be a very impactful tool influencing not only top-down policy decisions from governments but also bottom-up decisions from everyday people navigating their cities.” One day we may be able to check a neighborhood's "urban pulse" while house-hunting, for instance, or while scouting potential locations for a new business.
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