Threads of underground fungal networks are long enough to reach beyond the Solar System
摘要
《科学》杂志最新研究显示，全球地下隐藏着约1.1亿亿公里的丛枝菌根真菌网络。这些超细丝状结构若连成一线，长度可达日地距离的近10亿倍。研究由地下网络保护协会主导，结合文献综述、全球土壤样本、机器学习及实验室测试，首次绘制出该网络的全球分布图。此前研究发现，这些真菌与植物根系共生，每年在地下封存10亿吨碳，否则这些碳将加剧大气变暖。
Hidden underground around the world lie 110 quadrillion kilometers of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal networks—webs of ultra-thin threads that, if connected in a single line, would stretch almost a billion times the distance between the Earth and the sun, according to new research published in Science on Thursday.
These fungal communities form intimate relationships with the roots of plants, which they provide with nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen in exchange for carbon, 1 billion tons of which the networks sequester underground annually, previous research has found. If the fungal network wasn’t storing it, that carbon would be warming the atmosphere.
But those networks have never been mapped globally until now. The new study led by Society for the Protection of Underground Networks, or SPUN, an organization founded to map mycorrhizal fungi networks, used a combination of literature review, soil samples from around the globe, machine learning and laboratory testing to estimate the distribution and mass of these systems and map where they are densest.
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